Enhancement of the internal quantum efficiency in strongly coupled P3HT-C60 organic photovoltaic cells using Fabry-Perot cavities with varied cavity confinement

Nanophotonics. 2024 Jan 8;13(14):2531-2540. doi: 10.1515/nanoph-2023-0613. eCollection 2024 Jun.

Abstract

The short exciton diffusion length in organic semiconductors results in a strong dependence of the conversion efficiency of organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells on the morphology of the donor-acceptor bulk-heterojunction blend. Strong light-matter coupling provides a way to circumvent this dependence by combining the favorable properties of light and matter via the formation of hybrid exciton-polaritons. By strongly coupling excitons in P3HT-C60 OPV cells to Fabry-Perot optical cavity modes, exciton-polaritons are formed with increased propagation lengths. We exploit these exciton-polaritons to enhance the internal quantum efficiency of the cells, determined from the external quantum efficiency and the absorptance. Additionally, we find a consistent decrease in the Urbach energy for the strongly coupled cells, which indicates the reduction of energetic disorder due to the delocalization of exciton-polaritons in the optical cavity.

Keywords: Fabry Perot cavities; organic photovoltaics; strong coupling.