Mitigating polyethylene-mediated periprosthetic tissue inflammation through MEDSAH-grafting

PLoS One. 2024 Jun 6;19(6):e0301618. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301618. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Periprosthetic tissue inflammation is a challenging complication arising in joint replacement surgeries, which is often caused by wear debris from polyethylene (PE) components. In this study, we examined the potential biological effects of grafting a [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide (MEDSAH) polymer onto the surface of PE through a solvent-evaporation technique. J774A.1 macrophage-like cells and primary cultured mouse osteoblasts were treated with PE powder with or without the MEDSAH coating. MEDSAH grafting on PE substantially reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and other mediators in primary cultured mouse osteoblasts, but did not significantly impact macrophage-mediated inflammation. Our findings suggest that a MEDSAH coating on PE-based materials has potential utility in mitigating periprosthetic tissue inflammation and osteolysis and preventing aseptic loosening in total joint replacements. Further research, including large-scale clinical trials and biomechanical analyses, is needed to assess the long-term performance and clinical implications of MEDSAH-coated PE-based materials in total joint arthroplasty.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Arthroplasty, Replacement / adverse effects
  • Cell Line
  • Coated Materials, Biocompatible / chemistry
  • Cytokines / metabolism
  • Inflammation* / pathology
  • Macrophages / metabolism
  • Methacrylates / chemistry
  • Mice
  • Osteoblasts* / drug effects
  • Osteoblasts* / metabolism
  • Osteolysis / etiology
  • Osteolysis / pathology
  • Polyethylene*

Substances

  • Polyethylene
  • Cytokines
  • Coated Materials, Biocompatible
  • Methacrylates

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the Korea Medical Device Development Fund grant funded by Korea government (the Ministry of Science and ICT, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, the Ministry of Health and Welfare, and the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety; Project Number RS-2020-KD000038), grants from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2023R1A2C3003864 and NRF-2021R1I1A1A01055626), and the Korea Drug Development Fund funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, and the Ministry of Health and Welfare (RS-2023-00217266). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.