Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD): A contemporary review

Clin Cardiol. 2024 Jun;47(6):e24236. doi: 10.1002/clc.24236.

Abstract

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an increasingly recognized cause of myocardial infarction that most frequently affects younger women, making it an important cause of morbidity and mortality within these demographics. The evolution of intracoronary imaging, improved diagnosis with coronary angiography, and ongoing research efforts and attention via social media, has led to increasing recognition of this previously underdiagnosed condition. In this review, we provide a summary of the current body of knowledge, as well as focused updates on the pathogenesis of SCAD, insights on genetic susceptibility, contemporary diagnostic tools, and immediate, short- and long-term management.

Keywords: FMD—fibromuscular dysplasia; IVUS—intravascular ultrasound; NSTEMI—non‐ST elevation myocardial infarction; OCT—optical coherence tomography; SCAD—spontaneous coronary artery dissection; STEMI—ST‐elevation myocardial infarction.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Coronary Angiography*
  • Coronary Vessel Anomalies* / diagnosis
  • Coronary Vessels / diagnostic imaging
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • Humans
  • Risk Factors
  • Vascular Diseases* / congenital
  • Vascular Diseases* / diagnosis

Supplementary concepts

  • Coronary Artery Dissection, Spontaneous