We experimentally and numerically study the effect of ultrafast temporal correlations in two-stage frequency upconversion pumping by using intense twin beams. Enhancement in the upconversion efficiency of each stage due to ultrafast temporal correlation is evaluated by varying the time delay between pumping beams. It is found that the temporal correlation of the twin beams is transferred to the first upconverted beam, thereby also enhancing the efficiency of the second sum-frequency generation (SFG). This result suggests that temporal correlations play an important role in enhancing the efficiency of light sources that incorporate a parametric downconversion process.