Vanadium toxicity was alleviated by supplementation of silicon in tomato seedlings: Upregulating antioxidative enzymes and glyoxalase system

Plant Physiol Biochem. 2024 Aug:213:108809. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108809. Epub 2024 Jun 8.

Abstract

The primary goal of this research is to investigate the mitigating effect of silicon (Si; 2 mM) on the growth of tomato seedlings under vanadium (V; 40 mg) stress. V stress caused higher V uptake in leaf, and enhanced concentration of leaf anthocyanin, H2O2, O2•-, and MDA, but a decreased in plant biomass, root architecture system, leaf pigments content, mineral elements, and Fv/Fm (PSII maximum efficiency). Si application increased the concentrations of crucial antioxidant molecules such as AsA and GSH, as well as the action of key antioxidant enzymes comprising APX, GR, DHAR, and MDHAR. Importantly, oxidative damage was remarkably alleviated by upregulation of these antioxidant enzymes genes. Moreover, Si application enhanced the accumulation of secondary metabolites as well as the expression their related-genes, and these secondary metabolites may restricted the excessive accumulation of H2O2. In addition, Si rescued tomato plants against the damaging effects of MG by boosting the Gly enzymes activity. The results confirmed that spraying Si to plants might diminish the V accessibility to plants, along with promotion of V stress resistance.

Keywords: Glyoxalase enzymes; Heavy metals; Oxidative damage; Photosynthesis; Root architecture; Vanadium.

MeSH terms

  • Antioxidants* / metabolism
  • Hydrogen Peroxide / metabolism
  • Lactoylglutathione Lyase / genetics
  • Lactoylglutathione Lyase / metabolism
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects
  • Plant Leaves / drug effects
  • Plant Leaves / metabolism
  • Plant Proteins / genetics
  • Plant Proteins / metabolism
  • Seedlings* / drug effects
  • Seedlings* / growth & development
  • Seedlings* / metabolism
  • Silicon* / pharmacology
  • Solanum lycopersicum* / drug effects
  • Solanum lycopersicum* / growth & development
  • Solanum lycopersicum* / metabolism
  • Up-Regulation / drug effects
  • Vanadium* / metabolism
  • Vanadium* / toxicity

Substances

  • Silicon
  • Vanadium
  • Antioxidants
  • Hydrogen Peroxide
  • Lactoylglutathione Lyase
  • Plant Proteins