Risk factors for complications in total hip arthroplasty

Introduction and objective: Hip arthroplasty represents a significant advancement in the treatment of refractory chronic joint pain, improving quality of life and functionality. The objective of this study is to identify the risk factors associated with local and systemic complications in patients treated with total hip arthroplasty.

Methods: Observational, analytical, retrospective cohort study, which included 304 participants treated with total hip replacement. Comparison of variables between two groups was performed; 38 participants in the group with complications and 266 participants in the group without complications.

Results: The mean age in the complication group was 66 years (SD 18.7) and in the uncomplicated group it was 67,1 years (SD 15.1) (p 0,686). Female sex was observed in 73.3% of the group with complications and 65% in the group without complications. (p 0.292). Risk factors were: hip fracture as an indication for arthroplasty RR 1.33 [95% CI 1.004;1.775 p 0.047], coronary heart disease RR 1.31 [95% CI 1.067;1.616 p 0.010] and surgical bleeding equal to or greater than 400 cc RR 1.11 [95% CI 1.012;1.218 p 0.028].

Conclusions: The risk factors for complications in total hip arthroplasty were: hip fracture as the indication for arthroplasty, coronary artery disease, and surgical bleeding equal to or greater than 400 cc.