Increased risk of atypical antipsychotics-induced metabolic syndrome associated with MIF CATT >5/6 among females with chronic schizophrenia

Schizophr Res. 2024 Aug:270:94-101. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.05.017. Epub 2024 Jun 17.

Abstract

The utilization of atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) often leads to metabolic syndrome (MetS) in schizophrenia (SZ) patients. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an important MetS-related cytokine. To investigate the potential association between the MIF-794 CATT5-8 polymorphism and AAP-induced MetS in SZ patients, data from 375 chronic SZ patients who received AAP treatment for a minimum of one year were included. MIF-794 CATT polymorphism genotyping and plasma MIF quantification was performed. The metabolism status of all patients was assessed according to the NCEP-ATP III criteria. Individuals who displayed at least three of the five risk factors (waist circumference, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting glucose levels, and blood pressure) were diagnosed with MetS. The prevalence of MetS in SZ patients with MIF CATT >5/6 was significantly higher than in those with CATT 5/5-5/6. In female patients, MIF CATT >5/6 was associated with an elevated risk of AAP-induced MetS after adjusting for covariates, particularly regarding abdominal obesity, and the mediating effect of plasma MIF levels was significant. In conclusion, MIF CATT >5/6 increased the risk of AAP-induced MetS among females with chronic SZ. The MIF-794 CATT5-8 microsatellite polymorphism may be a unique indicator for AAP-induced metabolic adverse effects in female SZ patients.

Keywords: Atypical antipsychotics; CATT polymorphism; Macrophage migration inhibitory factor; Metabolic syndrome; Schizophrenia.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antipsychotic Agents* / adverse effects
  • Chronic Disease
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intramolecular Oxidoreductases* / blood
  • Intramolecular Oxidoreductases* / genetics
  • Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors* / blood
  • Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors* / genetics
  • Male
  • Metabolic Syndrome* / blood
  • Metabolic Syndrome* / chemically induced
  • Metabolic Syndrome* / epidemiology
  • Middle Aged
  • Schizophrenia* / blood
  • Schizophrenia* / drug therapy

Substances

  • Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors
  • Antipsychotic Agents
  • MIF protein, human
  • Intramolecular Oxidoreductases