Very low levels of ABCA7 in the cerebrum and Alzheimer's disease onset between the ages of 60 and 80 independently of APOE

J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2024 Oct 1;83(10):808-821. doi: 10.1093/jnen/nlae060.

Abstract

This cross-sectional study addressed the ABCA7-Alzheimer's disease (AD) association. ABCA7 protein levels were quantified in 3 cerebral regions of brain donors with Braak neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) stages 0-V. Ordinal regression models were implemented to estimate the effect of ABCA7 on stopping in an earlier Braak NFT stage versus progressing to the later stages in 2 prespecified age segments. In the final model, high ABCA7 levels in the parietal cortex increased the odds of remaining cognitively healthy (ie, in stages 0/I) versus experiencing AD onset (ie, progressing to stages II-V) in the 61-80 age segment (OR = 2.87, adj 95% CI = 1.41-7.86, adj P = .007, n = 109), after controlling for APOE and other covariates. No ABCA7-AD association was found in the 81-98 age segment (n = 113). Parietal ABCA7 levels in 61-80-year-old with stages II-V were very low, even significantly lower than in 81-98-year-old with stages II-V. ABCA7 levels in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus predicted AD onset in the 61-80 age segment after adjustment for APOE. ABCA7 levels were also the lowest in 61-80-year-old with frequent neuritic plaques. Thus, very low ABCA7 levels in the cerebrum are associated with AD onset in the 7th-8th decade of life.

Keywords: ABC transporters; Alzheimer’s biomarkers; Braak neurofibrillary tangle stages; GWAS genes; age-dependent attrition; lipidostasis hypothesis.

MeSH terms

  • ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters* / genetics
  • ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters* / metabolism
  • Age of Onset
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Alzheimer Disease* / metabolism
  • Alzheimer Disease* / pathology
  • Apolipoproteins E* / genetics
  • Apolipoproteins E* / metabolism
  • Cerebrum / metabolism
  • Cerebrum / pathology
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neurofibrillary Tangles / metabolism
  • Neurofibrillary Tangles / pathology

Substances

  • ABCA7 protein, human
  • ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters
  • Apolipoproteins E