Product Enhanced Reverse Transcriptase for assessing replication competent virus in vectors retroviral vectors pseudotyped with GALV and VSV-G envelopes

J Virol Methods. 2024 Sep:329:114988. doi: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2024.114988. Epub 2024 Jun 20.

Abstract

We evaluated the use of the Product Enhanced Reverse Transcriptase (PERT) assay as a means of detecting virus in retroviral vectors products pseudotyped with Gibbon Ape Leukemia Virus (GALV) and Vesicular Stomatitis Virus G (VSVG) envelopes. PERT provides greater standardization than the S+/L- assay which has been used extensively in virus detection. A challenge is that PERT will also detect residual retroviral vectors as vector particles contain reverse transcriptase. Vector products were cultured for 3 weeks on HEK293 cells to amplify any potential virus. In addition, vector supernatant and end-of-production cells were spiked with GALV to evaluate for inhibition by the test article. Results of PERT and the S+/L- assay were compared. PERT and S+/L- assays were both effective in detecting virus. Vector supernatants were negative at the end of 3 weeks of culture by PERT for both GAVL and VSVG pseudotyped vector. In contrast, end-of-production cells were positive by PERT due to persistent vector producing cells. A one-week culture of cell-free media obtained at the 3 weeks timepoint allowed distinction of virus-free test articles from those with virus. The PERT assay is suitable for detecting replication competent retrovirus in vector products pseudotyped with GALV and VSVG envelopes.

Keywords: Gene therapy; Product enhanced reverse transcriptase assay; Replication competent retrovirus; Safety.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study

MeSH terms

  • Cell Line
  • Genetic Vectors* / genetics
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Leukemia Virus, Gibbon Ape* / genetics
  • Membrane Glycoproteins
  • RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase* / genetics
  • RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase* / metabolism
  • Retroviridae / genetics
  • Viral Envelope Proteins / genetics
  • Virology / methods
  • Virus Replication

Substances

  • RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase
  • Viral Envelope Proteins
  • G protein, vesicular stomatitis virus
  • Membrane Glycoproteins