A structural and metabolic framework for classifying pre-clinical tuberculosis infection phenotypes using 18F-FDG PET-CT: a prospective cohort analysis following M. tuberculosis exposure

Thorax. 2024 Nov 14;79(12):1156-1159. doi: 10.1136/thorax-2024-221470.

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) control efforts are limited by ineffective characterisation of tuberculosis infection (TBI) -a heterogeneous spectrum of pre-clinical infection states, invisible to tools of routine clinical screening, that are associated with variable risk of progression to TB disease. In this prospective study, we use positron emission tomography-CT (PET-CT) as a high-resolution imaging modality to characterise and classify structural and metabolic features observed in 16 asymptomatic household TB contacts with normal chest radiographs. We identify four feature patterns that associate with distinct clinical and microbiological outcomes, supporting potential utility of PET-CT for objective classification of TBI phenotypes.

Keywords: Imaging/CT MRI etc; Tuberculosis.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Female
  • Fluorodeoxyglucose F18*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • Phenotype*
  • Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography* / methods
  • Prospective Studies
  • Radiopharmaceuticals*
  • Tuberculosis / diagnostic imaging
  • Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / diagnostic imaging

Substances

  • Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
  • Radiopharmaceuticals