Correlation between socio-demographic characteristics, metabolic control factors and personality traits with self-perceived health status in patients with diabetes: A cross-sectional study

Hossein Amini; Mohammad Meskarpour-Amiri; Mahboobeh Sadat Hosseini; Mohammad Farjami; Sara Ashtari; Amir Vahedian-Azimi; Thozhukat Sathyapalan; Amirhossein Sahebkar

doi:10.1007/s40200-023-01354-7

Correlation between socio-demographic characteristics, metabolic control factors and personality traits with self-perceived health status in patients with diabetes: A cross-sectional study

J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2023 Dec 8;23(1):797-808. doi: 10.1007/s40200-023-01354-7. eCollection 2024 Jun.

Authors

Hossein Amini¹, Mohammad Meskarpour-Amiri², Mahboobeh Sadat Hosseini¹, Mohammad Farjami³, Sara Ashtari⁴, Amir Vahedian-Azimi⁵, Thozhukat Sathyapalan⁶, Amirhossein Sahebkar^{7

8}

Affiliations

¹ Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
² Health Management Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
³ Department of Biostatistics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁴ Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁵ Trauma Research Center, Nursing Faculty, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁶ Academic Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, UK of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Hull, UK.
⁷ Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
⁸ Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the relationship between metabolic control factors, socio-demographic characteristics, personality traits, and self-perceived health status in diabetes.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 318 patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes (DM). Participants completed a questionnaire-based survey, which included the NEO Personality Inventory-Revised to measure five personality dimensions and the SF-12 survey to assess self-perceived health status. Binary logistic regression was performed to analyze the data, with socio-demographic characteristics, clinical data, and nutrition status as independent variables, and self-perceived health status (categorized as poor or good condition) as the dependent variable. Unadjusted and adjusted binary logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between personality traits (high vs. low) and metabolic control factors (good control vs. bad control) with health status scores.

Results: 60.7% of the participants with diabetes in the study described their health as "good." The results indicated that female gender (OR: 0.314, 95%CI: 0.105-0.938, P = 0.038), age > 60 years (OR: 0.263, 95%CI: 0.117-0.592, P = 0.001), comorbidities (OR: 0.314, 95%CI: 0.178-0.556, P = 0.001), DM complications (OR: 0.531, 95%CI: 0.337-0.838, P = 0.007), diabetic neuropathy (OR: 0.562, 95%CI: 0.356-0.886, P = 0.013), and diabetic ulcer (OR: 0.130, 95%CI: 0.023-0.747, P = 0.022) were independent variables associated with a "poor" health status. However, regular physical activity (OR: 3.144, 95%CI: 1.209-8.175, P = 0.019) and a healthy nutritional diet (OR: 2.456, 95%CI: 1.421-4.245, P < 0.001) were associated with a higher likelihood of a "good" self-perceived health status.

Conclusion: Preventive programs and interventions aimed at improving self-perceived health among patients with diabetes should focus on increasing regular physical activity and promoting a healthy nutritional status. These actions should be particularly targeted towards female and older patients with higher neuroticism traits.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Metabolic control; Personality; Self-perceived health; Socio-demographic.

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