New advances in the protective mechanisms of acidic pH after ischemia: Participation of NO

Arch Biochem Biophys. 2024 Aug:758:110059. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.110059. Epub 2024 Jun 25.

Abstract

Background: It has been previously demonstrated that the maintenance of ischemic acidic pH or the delay of intracellular pH recovery at the onset of reperfusion decreases ischemic-induced cardiomyocyte death.

Objective: To examine the role played by nitric oxide synthase (NOS)/NO-dependent pathways in the effects of acidic reperfusion in a regional ischemia model.

Methods: Isolated rat hearts perfused by Langendorff technique were submitted to 40 min of left coronary artery occlusion followed by 60 min of reperfusion (IC). A group of hearts received an acid solution (pH = 6.4) during the first 2 min of reperfusion (AR) in absence or in presence of l-NAME (NOS inhibitor). Infarct size (IS) and myocardial function were determined. In cardiac homogenates, the expression of P-Akt, P-endothelial and inducible isoforms of NOS (P-eNOS and iNOS) and the level of 3-nitrotyrosine were measured. In isolated cardiomyocytes, the intracellular NO production was assessed by confocal microscopy, under control and acidic conditions. Mitochondrial swelling after Ca2+ addition and mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψ) were also determined under control and acidosis.

Results: AR decreased IS, improved postischemic myocardial function recovery, increased P-Akt and P-eNOS, and decreased iNOS and 3-nitrotyrosine. NO production increased while mitochondrial swelling and Δψ decreased in acidic conditions. l-NAME prevented the beneficial effects of AR.

Conclusions: Our data strongly supports that a brief acidic reperfusion protects the myocardium against the ischemia-reperfusion injury through eNOS/NO-dependent pathways.

Keywords: Acid reperfusion; Akt; Mitochondria; NO; Regional ischemia; eNOS.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Male
  • Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / drug effects
  • Myocardial Ischemia / metabolism
  • Myocardial Ischemia / pathology
  • Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / drug therapy
  • Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / metabolism
  • Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / pathology
  • Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / prevention & control
  • Myocytes, Cardiac / drug effects
  • Myocytes, Cardiac / metabolism
  • Myocytes, Cardiac / pathology
  • NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / pharmacology
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase / metabolism
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / metabolism
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / metabolism
  • Nitric Oxide* / metabolism
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar

Substances

  • Nitric Oxide
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III
  • NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
  • Nos3 protein, rat
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase