Robotic Versus Laparoscopic Abdominoperineal Resection for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Following Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy

In Vivo. 2024 Jul-Aug;38(4):1834-1840. doi: 10.21873/invivo.13636.

Abstract

Background/aim: The usefulness of robotic surgery compared to laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer has been reported; however, few reports exist on robotic abdominoperineal resection (APR). The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of robotic and laparoscopic surgery to determine their usefulness in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who had undergone preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT).

Patients and methods: This retrospective study included 43 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who underwent preoperative CRT and robotic (22 patients) or laparoscopic APR (21 patients) between December 2012 and September 2022. We examined the short- and long-term outcomes in the robotic and laparoscopic groups.

Results: The median follow-up durations were 36 and 48 months for the robotic and laparoscopic groups, respectively. No significant differences in operative time, intraoperative blood loss, or overall complication rates were observed. However, the incidence of organ/space surgical site infection (SSI) was significantly lower in the robotic surgery group than in the laparoscopic group (9.1% vs. 38.1%, p=0.034) and the 3-year overall survival rate was significantly higher in the robotic surgery group than in the laparoscopic group (95% vs. 67%, p=0.029).

Conclusion: Robotic APR was associated with a significantly lower rate of organ/space SSIs than the laparoscopic approach, indicating the usefulness of the robotic approach.

Keywords: Abdominoperineal resection; laparoscopic surgery; organ/space surgical site infection; preoperative chemoradiotherapy; robotic surgery.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Chemoradiotherapy* / methods
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Laparoscopy* / methods
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Proctectomy / methods
  • Rectal Neoplasms* / mortality
  • Rectal Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Rectal Neoplasms* / surgery
  • Rectal Neoplasms* / therapy
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Robotic Surgical Procedures* / adverse effects
  • Robotic Surgical Procedures* / methods
  • Treatment Outcome