Background: The study of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in a developing country like Thailand has rarely been conducted in long-term cohorts, especially among the working-age population. We aim to assess the prevalence and incidence of risk factors and their associations underlying NCDs, especially type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among healthcare workers enrolled in the Siriraj Health (SIH) study cohort.
Methods: The SIH study was designed as a longitudinal cohort and conducted at Siriraj hospital, Thailand. A total of 5,011 participants (77% women) were recruited and follow-up. Physical examinations, blood biochemical analyses, family history assessments, behavior evaluations, and genetics factors were assessed.
Results: The average age was 35.44±8.24 years and 51% of participants were overweight and obese. We observed that men were more likely to have a prevalence of T2DM and dyslipidemia (DLP) compared to women. Aging was significantly associated with pre-diabetes and T2DM (P<0.001). Additionally, aging, metabolic syndrome, and elevated triglycerides were associated with the development of pre-diabetes and T2DM. The minor T allele of the rs7903146(C/T) and rs4506565 (A/T) were associated with a high risk of developing pre-diabetes with odds ratios of 2.74 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.32-23.3) and 2.71 (95% CI: 0.32-23.07), respectively; however, these associations were statistically insignificant (P>0.05).
Conclusion: The findings of the SIH study provide a comprehensive understanding of the health status, risk factors, and genetic factors related to T2DM in a specific working population and highlight areas for further research and intervention to address the growing burden of T2DM and NCDs.
Copyright: © 2024 Mongkolsucharitkul et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.