Association between regional phase angle and level of locomotion among older females requiring long-term care in a health facility

[Purpose] This study aimed to determine the characteristics of regional phase angles based on locomotion level among older Japanese females requiring long-term care in a health facility. [Participants and Methods] This was a cross-sectional observational study. The participants included 91 residents (mean age ± standard deviation: 90.2 ± 5.6 years) admitted to an older health facility. Based on their indoor locomotion status, the participants were divided into three groups: group I, able to walk with or without walking aids; group II, able to move in a wheelchair without assistance; and group III, able to move in a wheelchair with assistance. The regional phase angle was measured using a bioimpedance device. [Results] Significant differences were observed in the regional phase angle of the upper limbs between groups I and III and between groups II and III; in that of the lower limbs among all groups; and in that of the trunk between groups I and II and between groups I and III. [Conclusion] The level of locomotion may be explained by the regional phase angles of the lower limbs.