Transitioning from 0.5 to 0.9 mT: Protecting against inadvertent activation of magnet mode in active implants

Magn Reson Med. 2024 Nov;92(5):2237-2245. doi: 10.1002/mrm.30153. Epub 2024 Jul 5.

Abstract

The "5 gauss line" is a phrase that is likely to be familiar to everyone working with MRI, but what is its significance, how was it defined, and what changes are currently in progress? This review explores the history of 5 gauss (0.5 mT) as a threshold for protecting against inadvertently putting cardiac pacemakers, implantable cardioverter defibrillators, and other active implantable medical devices into a "magnet mode." Additionally, it describes the background to the recent change of this threshold to 9 gauss (0.9 mT) in the International Standard IEC 60601-2-33 edition 4.0 that defines basic safety requirements for MRI. Practical implications of this change and some ongoing and emerging issues are also discussed.

Keywords: 5 gauss (0.5 mT); 9 gauss (0.9 mT); MR safety; active implantable medical device (AIMD); cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED); magnet mode; pacemakers.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Defibrillators, Implantable
  • Electromagnetic Fields
  • Equipment Safety
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging*
  • Magnets
  • Pacemaker, Artificial
  • Prostheses and Implants