Predictors of ventricular tachyarrhythmia in patients with a wearable cardioverter defibrillator: an international multicenter registry

J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2024 Nov;67(8):1917-1928. doi: 10.1007/s10840-024-01869-w. Epub 2024 Jul 10.

Abstract

Background and aims: Wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD) can protect patients from sudden cardiac death due to ventricular tachyarrhythmias and serve as a bridge to decision of definite defibrillator implantation. The aim of this analysis from an international, multicenter WCD registry was to identify predictors of sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) and/or ventricular fibrillation (VF) in this population.

Methods: One thousand six hundred seventy-five patients with WCD were included in a multicenter registry from 9 European centers, with a median follow-up of 440 days (IQR 120-893). The primary study end point was the occurrence of sustained VT/VF.

Results: Sustained VT was detected by WCD in 5.4% and VF in 0.9% of all patients. Of the 30.3% of patients receiving ICD implantation during follow-up, sustained VT was recorded in 9.3% and VF in 2.6%. Non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (HR 0.5, p < 0.001), and medication with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (HR 0.7, p = 0.027) and aldosterone antagonists (HR 0.7, p = 0.005) were associated with a significantly lower risk of VT/VF.

Conclusions: Patients who received WCD due to a transient increased risk of sudden cardiac death have a comparatively lower risk of VT/VF in the presence of non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. Of note, optimal medical treatment for heart failure not only results in an improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction but also in a reduction in the risk for VT/VF.

Keywords: Predictors; Sudden cardiac death; Ventricular fibrillation; Ventricular tachycardia; Wearable cardioverter defibrillator.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Death, Sudden, Cardiac* / prevention & control
  • Defibrillators
  • Defibrillators, Implantable
  • Europe
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Registries*
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Tachycardia, Ventricular* / therapy
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ventricular Fibrillation / therapy
  • Wearable Electronic Devices*