VISTA: A promising target for overcoming immune evasion in gynecologic cancers

Int Immunopharmacol. 2024 Sep 10:138:112655. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112655. Epub 2024 Jul 9.

Abstract

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has revolutionized cancer treatment but has shown limited efficacy in gynecologic cancers. VISTA (V-domain Ig suppressor of T-cell activation), a member of the B7 family, is emerging as another checkpoint that regulates the anti-tumor immune responses within the tumor microenvironment. This paper reviews the structure, expression, and mechanism of action of VISTA. Furthermore, it highlights recent advances in VISTA-blocking therapies and their potential in improving outcomes for patients with gynecologic cancers. By understanding the role of VISTA in mediating the immune evasion of gynecologic tumors, we can develop more effective combinatory treatment strategies that could overcome resistance to current ICB therapies.

Keywords: Cancer immunotherapy; Gynecologic cancers; Immune checkpoint; Immunosuppression; VISTA.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • B7 Antigens* / immunology
  • B7 Antigens* / metabolism
  • Female
  • Genital Neoplasms, Female* / immunology
  • Humans
  • Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors* / pharmacology
  • Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors* / therapeutic use
  • Immunotherapy / methods
  • Tumor Escape* / drug effects
  • Tumor Microenvironment* / immunology

Substances

  • B7 Antigens
  • VSIR protein, human
  • Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors