Nonclinical and clinical characterization of MAU868, a novel human-derived monoclonal neutralizing antibody targeting BK polyomavirus VP1

Am J Transplant. 2024 Nov;24(11):1994-2006. doi: 10.1016/j.ajt.2024.07.002. Epub 2024 Jul 10.

Abstract

Reactivation of BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) can cause significant kidney and bladder disease in immunocompromised patients. There are currently no effective, BKPyV-specific therapies. MAU868 is a novel, human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody that binds the major capsid protein, VP1, of BKPyV with picomolar affinity, neutralizes infection by the 4 major BKPyV genotypes (EC50 ranging from 0.009-0.093 μg/mL; EC90 ranging from 0.102-4.160 μg/mL), and has comparable activity against variants with highly prevalent VP1 polymorphisms. No resistance-associated variants were identified in long-term selection studies, indicating a high in vitro barrier-to-resistance. The high-resolution crystal structure of MAU868 in complex with VP1 pentamer identified 3 key contact residues in VP1 (Y169, R170, and K172). A first-in-human study was conducted to assess the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of MAU868 following intravenous and subcutaneous administration to healthy adults in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, single ascending dose design. MAU868 was safe and well-tolerated. All adverse events were grade 1 and resolved. The pharmacokinetics of MAU868 was typical of a human IgG, with dose-proportional systemic exposure and an elimination half-life ranging between 23 and 30 days. These results demonstrate the potential of MAU868 as a first-in-class therapeutic agent for the treatment or prevention of BKPyV disease.

Keywords: BK polyomavirus; BKPyV; BKV; JC polyomavirus; JCPyV; JCV; hemorrhagic cystitis; kidney transplant; nephropathy; neutralizing antibody; polyomavirus.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase I
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal* / immunology
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing* / immunology
  • Antibodies, Viral / immunology
  • BK Virus* / immunology
  • Capsid Proteins* / immunology
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Middle Aged
  • Polyomavirus Infections* / drug therapy
  • Polyomavirus Infections* / immunology
  • Polyomavirus Infections* / virology
  • Prognosis
  • Tumor Virus Infections / drug therapy
  • Tumor Virus Infections / immunology
  • Tumor Virus Infections / virology

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Capsid Proteins
  • VP1 protein, polyomavirus