Coil embolization of the middle cerebral artery bifurcation aneurysms: Feasibility and durability

J Clin Neurosci. 2024 Aug:126:294-306. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2024.06.016. Epub 2024 Jul 13.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and durability of coil embolization for MCAB aneurysms by analyzing clinical and radiological results.

Methods: From January of 2008 to June of 2018, we treated a total of 1785 aneurysms using coil embolization. The aneurysms were treated by both coiling and stent-assisted coiling. Among these cases, 223 MCAB aneurysms were analyzed retrospectively. Clinical and radiological assessments were conducted at admission, after treatment, at discharge, and at last clinical follow-up.

Results: Coil embolization was performed on 223 MCAB aneurysms in 217 patients. Peri-procedural ischemic, hemorrhagic, and other complications within 30 days after coil embolization occurred at rates of 8.0 %, 8.0 %, and 2.0 %, respectively, in the ruptured group and at 2.9 %, 1.2 %, and 0 %, respectively, in the unruptured group. The overall morbidity and mortality rates associated with complications were 2.3 % and 2.0 %. The cumulative major recurrence rates were 5.1 % at 12 months, 7.1 % at 18 months, and 11.9 % at three years after coil embolization. The mean follow-up period was 33.27 ± 25.48 months. Independent risk factors for major recurrence after coil embolization for MCAB aneurysms were a ruptured aneurysm, initial incomplete occlusion, the aneurysm size, and the neck size.

Conclusion: Coil embolization is a good alternative treatment option for MCAB aneurysms compared to surgical clipping. Considering the risk factors for major recurrence, the follow-up angiography should continue up to three years after coil embolization.

Keywords: Aneurysm; Coil embolization; Durability; Feasibility; Middle cerebral artery bifurcation; Outcome.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aneurysm, Ruptured* / diagnostic imaging
  • Aneurysm, Ruptured* / therapy
  • Embolization, Therapeutic* / instrumentation
  • Embolization, Therapeutic* / methods
  • Feasibility Studies*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intracranial Aneurysm* / diagnostic imaging
  • Intracranial Aneurysm* / therapy
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Middle Cerebral Artery / diagnostic imaging
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Stents
  • Treatment Outcome