CircATF6 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma progression by suppressing calreticulin-mediated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway

Cell Signal. 2024 Oct:122:111298. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111298. Epub 2024 Jul 14.

Abstract

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed, single-stranded RNAs that play critical roles in various biological processes and diseases, including cancers. However, the functions and mechanisms of circRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) need further clarification. Here, we identified and confirmed that circATF6 is downregulated in HCC tissues and negatively associated with the overall survival of HCC patients. Ectopic overexpression of circATF6 inhibits malignant phenotypes of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo, while knockdown of circATF6 had opposite effects. Mechanistically, we found that circATF6 bound to calreticulin (CALR) protein and acted as a scaffold to enhance the interaction of CALR with calpain2 (CAPN2), which promoted the degradation of CALR by its enzymatic activity. Moreover, we found that circATF6 inhibited HCC cells by suppressing CALR-mediated wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Taken together, our findings suggest that circATF6 is a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC.

Keywords: CALR; CAPN2; CircATF6; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Prognosis.

MeSH terms

  • Activating Transcription Factor 6 / genetics
  • Activating Transcription Factor 6 / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Calpain / genetics
  • Calpain / metabolism
  • Calreticulin* / genetics
  • Calreticulin* / metabolism
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* / genetics
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* / metabolism
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* / pathology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Disease Progression
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Humans
  • Liver Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Liver Neoplasms* / metabolism
  • Liver Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice, Nude
  • RNA, Circular* / genetics
  • RNA, Circular* / metabolism
  • Wnt Signaling Pathway*
  • beta Catenin / metabolism

Substances

  • Activating Transcription Factor 6
  • ATF6 protein, human
  • beta Catenin
  • Calpain
  • CALR protein, human
  • Calreticulin
  • RNA, Circular