Differences in the effectiveness and safety of different renal denervation devices

Renal denervation (RDN) is a minimally invasive, endovascular catheter-based procedure using radiofrequency, ultrasound, or alcohol-mediated ablation to treat resistant hypertension. RDN gained popularity in 2009 when it was shown to have an antihypertensive effect. However, concerns about the efficacy of RDN were raised in the HTN-3 trial published in 2014, and the development of several RDN devices was then discontinued. In the process, new randomized controlled trials were conducted after the development of some of the RDN devices, the quality assurance of the procedure, changes in ablation points, and improvements in study design. In November 2023, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved a radiofrequency RDN device and an ultrasound RDN device. The results of a randomized controlled trial of an alcohol-mediated RDN device have been published, and future trends are being watched closely. In this mini-review, we summarize the differences in the antihypertensive effect and safety of the different RDN devices and the endpoints of the procedure in order to contribute to the further development of RDN devices Currently available renal denervation device. A multielectrode radiofrequency ablation (Spyral), (B) ultrasound denervation (Paraise), and (C) alcohol-mediated perivascular denervation (Peregrine). ASBP ambulatory systolic blood pressure, ADBP ambulatory diastolic blood pressure, OSBP office systolic blood pressure, ODBP office diastolic blood pressure. Analysis according to types of renal denervation device (radiofrequency, ultrasound, or alcohol-mediated device). P values for interaction were 0.578 (ambulatory SBP), 0.499 (ambulatory diastolic BP), 0.853 (office SBP), and 0.870 (office diastolic BP).