Roles of lipid droplets and related proteins in metabolic diseases

Lipids Health Dis. 2024 Jul 19;23(1):218. doi: 10.1186/s12944-024-02212-y.

Abstract

Lipid droplets (LDs), which are active organelles, derive from the monolayer membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum and encapsulate neutral lipids internally. LD-associated proteins like RAB, those in the PLIN family, and those in the CIDE family participate in LD formation and development, and they are active players in various diseases, organelles, and metabolic processes (i.e., obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and autophagy). Our synthesis on existing research includes insights from the formation of LDs to their mechanisms of action, to provide an overview needed for advancing research into metabolic diseases and lipid metabolism.

Keywords: Lipid droplet; Lipid metabolism; Metabolic diseases.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Autophagy*
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Lipid Droplets* / metabolism
  • Lipid Metabolism*
  • Metabolic Diseases* / metabolism
  • Metabolic Diseases* / pathology
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease* / metabolism
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease* / pathology
  • Obesity / metabolism
  • rab GTP-Binding Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • rab GTP-Binding Proteins