Phase I study of TQB3602, an oral proteasome inhibitor, in relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma

Cancer Med. 2024 Jul;13(14):e7435. doi: 10.1002/cam4.7435.

Abstract

Objective: TQB3602 is a novel orally bioavailable proteasome inhibitor. This study is the first-in-human phase I clinical trial to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary efficacy of TQB3602 in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM).

Methods: This is a multicenter phase I clinical trial consisting of the 3+3 dose-escalation phase and dose expansion phase. Patients with MM who have received ≥2 prior antimyeloma therapies were enrolled. TQB3602 is administered at a dose of 0.5~7mg on days 1, 8, 15 in 28-day cycle.

Results: Twenty-five RRMM patients who relapsed or failed ≥2 lines of therapies were enrolled in the dose escalation phase. Two patients in the 7.0 mg dose group developed dose-limiting toxicity events (one with grade 2 peripheral neuropathy [PN] complicated by pain and one with diarrhea and abdominal pain), leading to a maximum tolerated dose of 6.0 mg. Any-grade adverse events (AEs) occurred in 24 (96.0%) patients, while grade ≥3 AEs occurred in 13 (52.0%). The most common grade ≥3 AEs was anemia (6, 24.0%). The incidence rate of PN was 16% with no grade ≥3 PN occurred. TQB3602 was rapidly absorbed, resulting in a time-to-plasma peak concentration of 0.8-1.5 h. The mean half-life was approximately 82 h. The AUClast and Cmax were approximately 1.9 times higher on day 15 than on day 1. Among 22 response-evaluable patients, 63.7% achieved stable disease or better.

Conclusions: TQB3602 is well tolerated, with a favorable neurotoxicity profile, and has shown preliminary efficacy in patients with RRMM. The anticipated therapeutic dose was 6 mg and was adopted for an ongoing dose-expansion phase.

Keywords: antitumor activity; maximum tolerated dose; proteasome inhibitors; relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase I
  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Maximum Tolerated Dose
  • Middle Aged
  • Multiple Myeloma* / drug therapy
  • Multiple Myeloma* / pathology
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / drug therapy
  • Proteasome Inhibitors* / administration & dosage
  • Proteasome Inhibitors* / adverse effects
  • Proteasome Inhibitors* / pharmacokinetics
  • Proteasome Inhibitors* / therapeutic use
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Proteasome Inhibitors