To explore the prevalence and related risk factors of osteoporosis (OP) in the elderly ≥60 years old in Jiuting Town, Songjiang District, Shanghai City. A total of 2 175 local residents aged ≥60 years old who participated in the questionnaire survey at the physical examination center of Jiuting Community Health Service Center, Songjiang District, Shanghai City from July 2021 to December 2022 were selected by a cross-sectional study with multi-stage sampling method. Questionnaire survey, blood test and bone mineral density (BMD) test were conducted.The differences in all the parameters among the elderly with different bone mass level were analyzed using t-test, chi-square test, binary logistic regression was used to screen the potential risk factors of OP.The results showed that the prevalence of OP in the elderly aged≥60 years old in Jiuting Town was 45.89%.The prevalence of OP increased gradually with the advanced age. The prevalence rate of male was significantly lower than that of female(χ2=211.94, P<0.01).Single factor analysis showed that Dairy products(χ2=9.01, P<0.05), taking calcium(χ2=42.88, P<0.05), physical exercise(χ2=24.73, P<0.05), exercise time(χ2=76.40, P<0.05) and sun exposure(χ2=55.71, P<0.05) were the protective factors for osteoporosis. Multifactor analysis showed that female(wald χ2=71.46, P<0.001) were the risk factors for osteoporosis. The age of the osteoporosis group was older than that of the non-osteoporosis group [osteoporosis group (72.47±6.89) years old, non-osteoporosis group (68.73±6.34) years old, and the difference was statistically significant, t=-11.67, P<0.05]. The waist circumference, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine (CR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and uric acid (UA) in the non-osteoporosis group were higher than those in the osteoporosis group, and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). The levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)[osteoporosis group (1.34±0.35) mol/L, non-osteoporosis group (1.41±0.35) mol/L, t=-4.51, P<0.05] and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)[osteoporosis group (88.46±25.65) mol/L, osteoporosis group (94.56±32.32) mol/L, t=-4.79, P<0.05] in the osteoporosis group were lower than those in the non-osteoporosis group.Low awareness of the knowledge of osteoporosis risk factors(smoking, drinking coffee, high salt and drinking alcohol are 47.28%, 24.15%, 47.79% and 44.90%, respectively), diagnosis and treatment(The symptoms, prognosis, screening methods, medication time and follow-up screening time of osteoporosis were 26.87%, 17.88%, 21.77%, 6.65% and 15.99%, respectivel) and prevention(exercise mode, high calcium food, optimal age of calcium supplementation, the effect of vitamin D on OP, and the appropriate amount of milk to prevent osteoporosis were 33.16%, 42.01%, 13.27%, 12.07%, 9.01%, respectively) were in Jiuting Town. In conclusion, the prevalent rate of OP in the elderly ≥60 years old in Jiuting Town is 45.89%.The main risk factors are female and advanced age. Drinking tea, dairy products, combination of meat and vegetable, taking calcium, physical exercise and sun exposure were the protective factors for osteoporosis. The awareness rate of osteoporosis related knowledge is low, and health education should be strengthened in order to control and prevent the occurrence and development of osteoporosis.
调查上海市松江区九亭地区≥60岁老年人骨质疏松（OP）的患病情况及相关危险因素。采用多阶段抽样的横断面研究方法抽取2021年7月至2022年12月在上海市松江区九亭镇社区卫生服务中心体检中心参与问卷调查的≥60岁本地居民共2 175名，实验室检测与骨密度（BMD）测试，整理资料并采用t检验、卡方检验等方法分析不同骨量水平老年人各类相关指标差异，采用二分类logistic回归模型筛选OP的危险因素。结果显示，九亭地区≥60岁老年人OP患病率45.89%（998/2 175）。随着年龄的增加OP患病率逐渐升高。男性患病率明显低于女性（χ2=211.94，P<0.01）。单因素分析显示：乳制品（χ2=9.01，P<0.05）、服用钙剂（χ2=42.88，P<0.05）、体育运动（χ2=24.73，P<0.05）、运动时间（χ2=76.40，P<0.05）及日光照射（χ2=55.71，P<0.05）是骨质疏松的保护因素。多因素分析显示：女性是骨质疏松的危险因素（wald χ2=71.46，P<0.001）。骨质疏松组较非骨质疏松组［骨质疏松组（72.47±6.89）岁，非骨质疏松组（68.73±6.34）岁］的年龄大，差别有统计学意义（t=-11.67，P<0.05）。非骨质疏松组腰围、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、肌酐（CR）、尿素氮（BUN）及尿酸（UA）较骨质疏松组升高，差别有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。骨质疏松组高密度脂蛋白（HDL）［骨质疏松组（1.34±0.35）mmol/L，非骨质疏松组（1.41±0.35）mmol/L，t=-4.51，P<0.05］及碱性磷酸酶（ALP）［骨质疏松组（88.46±25.65）mmol/L，非骨质疏松组（94.56±32.32）mmol/L，t=-4.79，P<0.05］水平较非骨质疏松组降低。九亭地区居民骨质疏松危险因素知识（吸烟、喝咖啡、高盐及饮酒分别为47.28%、24.15%、47.79%及44.90%）、骨质疏松诊疗知识（骨质疏松症状、预后、筛查手段、服药时间及随访筛查时间分别为26.87%，17.88%，21.77%，6.65%，15.99%）及预防知识知晓率低（运动方式、高钙食物、补充钙剂最佳年龄、维生素D对OP的作用、预防骨松的适宜奶量分别为33.16%、42.01%、13.27%、12.07%、9.01%）。综上，上海九亭地区≥60岁居民OP患病率45.89%。女性和年龄是主要危险因素。乳制品、荤素搭配、服用钙剂、体育运动及日光照射是骨质疏松的保护因素。居民对骨质疏松相关知识知晓率低，应加强宣教来控制和预防骨质疏松的发生发展。.