Little is known about using noninvasive samples for diagnosing Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF). We investigated detection of CCHF virus in serum, saliva, and urine samples. Our results indicate that serum is the best sample type for CCHF diagnosis; saliva can be used for noninvasive sampling.
Keywords: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever; Iran; arboviruses; emerging infectious diseases; laboratory diagnosis; vector-borne infections; viral hemorrhagic fevers; viral kinetics; viruses; zoonoses.