[Ca2+]cyt-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN KINASE 1 and NIMA-RELATED KINASE 2 interact during root hair cell morphogenesis

Plant Physiol. 2024 Oct 1;196(2):1595-1607. doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiae379.

Abstract

Root hair growth has been studied to understand the principles underlying the regulation of directional growth. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) [Ca2+]cyt-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN KINASE 1 (CAP1) maintains normal vesicle trafficking and cytoskeleton arrangement during root hair growth in response to ammonium signaling. In the current study, we identified CAP1 SUPPRESSOR 1 (CAPS1) as a genetic suppressor of the cap1-1 mutation. The CAPS1 mutation largely rescued the short root hair phenotype of cap1-1. Loss of CAPS1 function resulted in significantly longer root hairs in cap1-1. MutMap analysis revealed that CAPS1 is identical to NIMA (NEVER IN MITOSIS A)-RELATED KINASE 2 (NEK2). In addition, our studies showed that NEK2 is expressed in root and root hairs. Its distribution was associated with the pattern of microtubule (MT) arrangement and partially colocalized with CAP1. Further biochemical studies revealed that CAP1 physically interacts with NEK2 and may enhance its phosphorylation. Our study suggests that NEK2 acts as a potential phosphorylation target of CAP1 in maintaining the stability of root hair MTs to regulate root hair elongation.

MeSH terms

  • Arabidopsis Proteins* / genetics
  • Arabidopsis Proteins* / metabolism
  • Arabidopsis* / genetics
  • Arabidopsis* / growth & development
  • Arabidopsis* / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
  • Microtubules / metabolism
  • Morphogenesis / genetics
  • Mutation / genetics
  • NIMA-Related Kinases* / genetics
  • NIMA-Related Kinases* / metabolism
  • Phosphorylation
  • Plant Roots* / genetics
  • Plant Roots* / growth & development
  • Plant Roots* / metabolism

Substances

  • NIMA-Related Kinases
  • Arabidopsis Proteins