Pulmonary and renal long COVID at two-year revisit

Jing Wang; Xiao Liang; Yufen Zheng; Yi Zhu; Kai Zhou; Xiaomai Wu; Rui Sun; Yifan Hu; Xiaoli Zhu; Hongbo Chi; Shanjun Chen; Mengge Lyu; Yuting Xie; Xiao Yi; Wei Liu; Xue Cai; Sainan Li; Qiushi Zhang; Chunlong Wu; Yingqiu Shi; Donglian Wang; Minfei Peng; Ying Zhang; Huafen Liu; Chao Zhang; Sheng Quan; Ziqing Kong; Zhouyang Kang; Guangjun Zhu; Hongguo Zhu; Shiyong Chen; Junbo Liang; Hai Yang; Jianxin Pang; Yicheng Fang; Haixiao Chen; Jun Li; Jiaqin Xu; Tiannan Guo; Bo Shen

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2024.110344

Pulmonary and renal long COVID at two-year revisit

iScience. 2024 Jun 21;27(7):110344. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110344. eCollection 2024 Jul 19.

Authors

Jing Wang^{1

2

3}, Xiao Liang^{4

5

6}, Yufen Zheng^{1

2

3}, Yi Zhu^{4

5

6}, Kai Zhou¹, Xiaomai Wu¹, Rui Sun^{4

5

6}, Yifan Hu⁷, Xiaoli Zhu¹, Hongbo Chi¹, Shanjun Chen⁷, Mengge Lyu^{4

5

6}, Yuting Xie^{4

5

6}, Xiao Yi⁷, Wei Liu⁷, Xue Cai^{4

5

6}, Sainan Li^{4

5

6}, Qiushi Zhang⁷, Chunlong Wu⁷, Yingqiu Shi^{4

5

6}, Donglian Wang¹, Minfei Peng¹, Ying Zhang¹, Huafen Liu⁸, Chao Zhang⁸, Sheng Quan⁸, Ziqing Kong⁸, Zhouyang Kang⁸, Guangjun Zhu¹, Hongguo Zhu¹, Shiyong Chen¹, Junbo Liang¹, Hai Yang¹, Jianxin Pang¹, Yicheng Fang¹, Haixiao Chen¹, Jun Li^{1

2

3}, Jiaqin Xu^{1

2

3}, Tiannan Guo^{4

5

6}, Bo Shen^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China.
² Key Laboratory of System Medicine and Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Taizhou, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China.
³ Taizhou Institute of Medicine, Health and New Drug Clinical Research, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China.
⁴ Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
⁵ Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
⁶ Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
⁷ Westlake Omics (Hangzhou) Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou 310024, China.
⁸ Calibra Lab at DIAN Diagnostics, 329 Jinpeng Street, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China.

Abstract

This study investigated host responses to long COVID by following up with 89 of the original 144 cohorts for 1-year (N = 73) and 2-year visits (N = 57). Pulmonary long COVID, characterized by fibrous stripes, was observed in 8.7% and 17.8% of patients at the 1-year and 2-year revisits, respectively, while renal long COVID was present in 15.2% and 23.9% of patients, respectively. Pulmonary and renal long COVID at 1-year revisit was predicted using a machine learning model based on clinical and multi-omics data collected during the first month of the disease with an accuracy of 87.5%. Proteomics revealed that lung fibrous stripes were associated with consistent down-regulation of surfactant-associated protein B in the sera, while renal long COVID could be linked to the inhibition of urinary protein expression. This study provides a longitudinal view of the clinical and molecular landscape of COVID-19 and presents a predictive model for pulmonary and renal long COVID.

Keywords: Clinical finding; Machine learning; Omics; Respiratory medicine.