MI2AMI-CS: A meta-analysis comparing Impella and IABP outcomes in Acute Myocardial Infarction-related Cardiogenic Shock

Int J Cardiol. 2024 Nov 1:414:132411. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.132411. Epub 2024 Jul 31.

Abstract

Background: Cardiogenic Shock (CS) complicating acute myocardial infarction (AMI) poses a significant mortality risk, suggesting the opportunity to implement effective mechanical circulatory support strategies. The comparative efficacy of Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP) and Impella in managing CS-AMI remains a subject of investigation.

Objective: This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of Impella and IABP in managing CS-AMI, exploring mortality and adverse events.

Methods: A systematic search of major databases from inception to November 2023 identified eight studies, comprising 10,628 patients, comparing Impella and IABP in CS-AMI. Retrospective studies (preferably Propensity-matched) and Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) were included.

Results: Impella use exhibited significantly higher mortality (57% vs. 46%; OR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.29-1.60; p < 0.001) and major bleeding (30% vs 15%; OR: 2.93, 95% CI: 1.67-5.13; p < 0.001).

Conclusions: In unselected CS-AMI patients, Impella usage is associated with significantly higher mortality and major bleeding.

Keywords: Acute myocardial infarction; Adverse events; Cardiogenic shock; Impella; Intra-aortic balloon pump; Major bleeding; Mortality; Percutaneous mechanical circulatory support.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Heart-Assist Devices* / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping* / adverse effects
  • Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping* / instrumentation
  • Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping* / methods
  • Myocardial Infarction* / complications
  • Myocardial Infarction* / mortality
  • Myocardial Infarction* / therapy
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Shock, Cardiogenic* / etiology
  • Shock, Cardiogenic* / mortality
  • Shock, Cardiogenic* / therapy
  • Treatment Outcome