Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Broccoli, Kale, and Cauliflower Extracts

Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2024 Sep;79(3):700-706. doi: 10.1007/s11130-024-01212-8. Epub 2024 Aug 3.

Abstract

The brassicas have the potential to prevent chronic non-communicable diseases and it is proposed to evaluate the chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of broccoli, cabbage and extracts. The extracts were prepared and characterized and the antioxidant potential was evaluated against three radicals while the antimicrobial potential was analyzed using three techniques against four bacteria. The extracts have glucosinolates and phenolic compounds in their composition, and effectively inhibit the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical. The extracts of broccoli and cauliflower showed an inhibitory effect against hydroxyl radicals and nitric oxide. Disk diffusion showed that broccoli and cauliflower extract were active against three bacteria, while kale extract showed active halos for Gram-negative bacteria. Kale extract had an inhibitory effect Gram-positive bacteria, cauliflower extract inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. The cauliflower extract thus had a higher concentration of phenols, a strong antioxidant activity and promising results at a concentration of 100 mg/mL against S. aureus.

Keywords: Antimicrobial; Antioxidant; Brassica, glucosinolates; Phenolic compounds.

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / analysis
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Anti-Infective Agents / analysis
  • Anti-Infective Agents / pharmacology
  • Antioxidants* / analysis
  • Antioxidants* / pharmacology
  • Biphenyl Compounds
  • Brassica* / chemistry
  • Glucosinolates* / analysis
  • Glucosinolates* / pharmacology
  • Gram-Negative Bacteria / drug effects
  • Gram-Positive Bacteria / drug effects
  • Hydroxyl Radical
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Nitric Oxide
  • Phenols* / analysis
  • Phenols* / pharmacology
  • Picrates
  • Plant Extracts* / chemistry
  • Plant Extracts* / pharmacology
  • Staphylococcus aureus* / drug effects

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Plant Extracts
  • Phenols
  • Glucosinolates
  • Biphenyl Compounds
  • Hydroxyl Radical
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Nitric Oxide
  • Picrates
  • 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
  • Anti-Infective Agents