Biomethanization of rigid packaging made entirely of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate): Mono- and co-digestion tests and microbial insights

Bioresour Technol. 2024 Sep:408:131180. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131180. Epub 2024 Aug 3.

Abstract

This study evaluates the anaerobic mesophilic mono- and co-digestion of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBH) plastic bottles as a proxy for rigid packaging materials. Initial tests showed a 97.3 ± 0.2 % reduction in weight and an observable alteration in the surface (thinning, color fading and pitting) of the PHBH bottles after eight weeks. Subsequent tests showed that PHBH squares (3 × 3 cm) produced 400 NmL-CH4/g-VSfed, at a slower rate compared to powdered PHBH but with similar methane yield. Co-digestion experiments with food waste, swine manure, or sewage sludge showed successful digestion of PHBH alongside organic waste (even at a high bioplastic loading of 20 % volatile solids basis), with methane production comparable to or slightly higher than that observed in mono-digestion. Molecular analyses suggested that the type of co-substrate influenced microbial activity and that methane production was mainly driven by hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis. These results suggest the potential for integrating rigid PHBH packaging into anaerobic digesters.

Keywords: Anaerobic digestion; Biodegradability; Bioplastics; Organic recycling; PHBH; Packaging.

MeSH terms

  • 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid / chemistry
  • 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid / metabolism
  • Anaerobiosis
  • Animals
  • Biodegradation, Environmental
  • Bioreactors
  • Caproates* / chemistry
  • Caproates* / metabolism
  • Manure
  • Methane* / metabolism
  • Polyhydroxybutyrates
  • Product Packaging
  • Sewage / microbiology
  • Swine

Substances

  • Caproates
  • Methane
  • poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate)
  • Sewage
  • 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid
  • Manure
  • Polyhydroxybutyrates