N-glycosylation of SnRK2s affects NADPH maintenance in peroxisomes during prolonged ABA signalling

Nat Commun. 2024 Aug 5;15(1):6630. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-50720-3.

Abstract

Unfavourable conditions, such as prolonged drought and high salinity, pose a threat to the survival and agricultural yield of plants. The phytohormone ABA plays a key role in the regulation of plant stress adaptation and is often maintained at high levels for extended periods. While much is known about ABA signal perception and activation in the early signalling stage, the molecular mechanism underlying desensitization of ABA signalling remains largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi network, the key regulators of ABA signalling, SnRK2.2/2.3, undergo N-glycosylation, which promotes their redistribution from the nucleus to the peroxisomes in Arabidopsis roots and influences the transcriptional response in the nucleus during prolonged ABA signalling. On the peroxisomal membrane, SnRK2s can interact with glucose-6-phosphate (G6P)/phosphate translocator 1 (GPT1) to maintain NADPH homeostasis through increased activity of the peroxisomal oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (OPPP). The resulting maintenance of NADPH is essential for the modulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation, thereby relieving ABA-induced root growth inhibition. The subcellular dynamics of SnRK2s, mediated by N-glycosylation suggest that ABA responses transition from transcriptional regulation in the nucleus to metabolic processes in the peroxisomes, aiding plants in adapting to long-term environmental stress.

MeSH terms

  • Abscisic Acid* / metabolism
  • Arabidopsis Proteins* / genetics
  • Arabidopsis Proteins* / metabolism
  • Arabidopsis* / genetics
  • Arabidopsis* / metabolism
  • Cell Nucleus / metabolism
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Plant*
  • Glycosylation
  • Golgi Apparatus / metabolism
  • Hydrogen Peroxide / metabolism
  • NADP* / metabolism
  • Pentose Phosphate Pathway
  • Peroxisomes* / metabolism
  • Plant Growth Regulators / metabolism
  • Plant Roots / growth & development
  • Plant Roots / metabolism
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases* / genetics
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases* / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction*

Substances

  • Arabidopsis Proteins
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • Abscisic Acid
  • SnRK2 protein, Arabidopsis
  • NADP
  • Hydrogen Peroxide
  • Plant Growth Regulators