Burden and social distribution of occupational psychosocial exposures in the United States workforce, 2022

Am J Ind Med. 2024 Oct;67(10):888-900. doi: 10.1002/ajim.23641. Epub 2024 Aug 6.

Abstract

Objective: To characterize the burden and social distribution of occupational psychosocial exposures in the United States (US).

Methods: We merged 2022 US employment and demographic data from the Current Population Survey (CPS) with occupational characteristic data from the Occupational Information Network (O*NET), wage data from the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics Survey, and hours worked from the CPS, to estimate the number and proportion of US workers at risk of exposure to 19 psychosocial hazards. We additionally estimated the number and proportion of US workers over- or underrepresented in exposure burden.

Results: Of the exposures examined, US workers were most commonly employed in occupations with high time pressure (67.5 million US workers exposed; 43.2% US workers exposed), high emotional labor (57.1 million; 36.6%), and low wages (47.8 million; 30.6%). The burden of exposures was uneven across sociodemographic strata, attributable to occupational segregation. The full data set is available online at https://deohs.washington.edu/us-exposure-burden.

Conclusions: Work-related psychosocial exposures are ubiquitous and should be considered in occupational and public health research, policy, and interventions to reduce the burden of disease and health inequities in the United States.

Keywords: O*NET; exposure burden; occupational justice; occupational surveillance; psychosocial exposures.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Occupational Diseases / epidemiology
  • Occupational Diseases / psychology
  • Occupational Exposure* / adverse effects
  • Occupational Exposure* / statistics & numerical data
  • Occupational Stress / epidemiology
  • Occupational Stress / psychology
  • Occupations / statistics & numerical data
  • Salaries and Fringe Benefits* / statistics & numerical data
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • United States / epidemiology
  • Young Adult