Novel method for monitoring of carcinogenic impurity of N-nitrosamine in nizatidine pharmaceutical products using ultra high-pressure liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry

Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2024 Oct 15;38(19):e9884. doi: 10.1002/rcm.9884.

Abstract

Nitrosamine compounds pose a significant concern as potential carcinogens, prompting heightened scrutiny from regulatory bodies, particularly regarding their presence in pharmaceuticals. The detection of unacceptable levels of N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDMA) in ranitidine has led to widespread recalls, driving interest in alternative medications such as nizatidine, which shares a similar pharmacological class and is used to treat various gastrointestinal conditions. Despite fewer reports on NDMA levels in nizatidine, its structural similarity to ranitidine, characterized by a tertiary amine, underscores the potential for NDMA formation. Addressing the analytical challenges associated with nitrosamine detection, this study focuses on developing and validating an ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method for quantifying NDMA in both nizatidine active pharmaceutical ingredients and tablet formulations. Method validation adheres to International Council for Harmonisation recommendations, with a demonstrated linear range of 0.25-100 ng/mL for NDMA, exhibiting excellent linearity (regression coefficient >0.999) and efficient recovery rates ranging from 95.98% to 109.57%. The method shows high sensitivity, with limits of detection and quantification of 0.25 and 0.5 ng/mL, respectively. The developed UHPLC-MS/MS method offers a simple, precise, accurate, and selective approach for monitoring NDMA levels in nizatidine formulations available in Australia, promising enhanced sensitivity and specificity with limits of quantification in the ppb and sub-ppb ranges.

MeSH terms

  • Carcinogens* / analysis
  • Carcinogens* / chemistry
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / methods
  • Diethylnitrosamine / analysis
  • Diethylnitrosamine / chemistry
  • Drug Contamination*
  • Limit of Detection
  • Linear Models
  • Nitrosamines* / analysis
  • Nitrosamines* / chemistry
  • Nizatidine* / analysis
  • Nizatidine* / chemistry
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Tablets / chemistry
  • Tandem Mass Spectrometry* / methods

Substances

  • Nizatidine
  • Nitrosamines
  • Carcinogens
  • Diethylnitrosamine
  • Tablets