Arl2 GTPase associates with the centrosomal protein Cdk5rap2 to regulate cortical development via microtubule organization

PLoS Biol. 2024 Aug 13;22(8):e3002751. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002751. eCollection 2024 Aug.

Abstract

ADP ribosylation factor-like GTPase 2 (Arl2) is crucial for controlling mitochondrial fusion and microtubule assembly in various organisms. Arl2 regulates the asymmetric division of neural stem cells in Drosophila via microtubule growth. However, the function of mammalian Arl2 during cortical development was unknown. Here, we demonstrate that mouse Arl2 plays a new role in corticogenesis via regulating microtubule growth, but not mitochondria functions. Arl2 knockdown (KD) leads to impaired proliferation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and neuronal migration. Arl2 KD in mouse NPCs significantly diminishes centrosomal microtubule growth and delocalization of centrosomal proteins Cdk5rap2 and γ-tubulin. Moreover, Arl2 physically associates with Cdk5rap2 by in silico prediction using AlphaFold multimer, which was validated by co-immunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assay. Remarkably, Cdk5rap2 overexpression significantly rescues the neurogenesis defects caused by Arl2 KD. Therefore, Arl2 plays an important role in mouse cortical development through microtubule growth via the centrosomal protein Cdk5rap2.

MeSH terms

  • ADP-Ribosylation Factors / genetics
  • ADP-Ribosylation Factors / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Cell Cycle Proteins* / genetics
  • Cell Cycle Proteins* / metabolism
  • Cell Movement
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Centrosome* / metabolism
  • Cerebral Cortex / embryology
  • Cerebral Cortex / growth & development
  • Cerebral Cortex / metabolism
  • GTP-Binding Proteins / genetics
  • GTP-Binding Proteins / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Microtubules* / metabolism
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins* / genetics
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins* / metabolism
  • Neural Stem Cells* / metabolism
  • Neurogenesis* / genetics
  • Tubulin / metabolism

Substances

  • Nerve Tissue Proteins
  • Arl2 protein, mouse
  • Cell Cycle Proteins
  • Cdk5rap2 protein, mouse
  • Tubulin
  • GTP-Binding Proteins
  • ADP-Ribosylation Factors

Grants and funding

This work is supported by the Singapore Ministry of Education Tier 2 MOE-T2EP30121-0002 to H.W.. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.