Wide-range and high-accuracy wireless sensor with self-humidity compensation for real-time ammonia monitoring

Wen Lv; Jianhua Yang; Qingda Xu; Jaafar Abdul-Aziz Mehrez; Jia Shi; Wenjing Quan; Hanyu Luo; Min Zeng; Nantao Hu; Tao Wang; Hao Wei; Zhi Yang

doi:10.1038/s41467-024-51279-9

Wide-range and high-accuracy wireless sensor with self-humidity compensation for real-time ammonia monitoring

Nat Commun. 2024 Aug 13;15(1):6936. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-51279-9.

Authors

Wen Lv^{1

2}, Jianhua Yang^{3

4}, Qingda Xu^{1

2}, Jaafar Abdul-Aziz Mehrez^{1

2}, Jia Shi^{1

2}, Wenjing Quan^{1

2}, Hanyu Luo^{1

2}, Min Zeng¹, Nantao Hu^{1

2}, Tao Wang^{1

2}, Hao Wei^{1

2}, Zhi Yang⁵

Affiliations

¹ National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
² Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
³ National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. [email protected].
⁴ Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. [email protected].
⁵ National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. [email protected].

Abstract

Real-time and accurate biomarker detection is highly desired in point-of-care diagnosis, food freshness monitoring, and hazardous leakage warning. However, achieving such an objective with existing technologies is still challenging. Herein, we demonstrate a wireless inductor-capacitor (LC) chemical sensor based on platinum-doped partially deprotonated-polypyrrole (Pt-PPy⁺ and PPy⁰) for real-time and accurate ammonia (NH₃) detection. With the chemically wide-range tunability of PPy in conductivity to modulate the impedance, the LC sensor exhibits an up-to-180% improvement in return loss (S11). The Pt-PPy⁺ and PPy⁰ shows the p-type semiconductor nature with greatly-manifested adsorption-charge transfer dynamics toward NH₃, leading to an unprecedented NH₃ sensing range. The S11 and frequency of the Pt-PPy⁺ and PPy⁰-based sensor exhibit discriminative response behaviors to humidity and NH₃, enabling the without-external-calibration compensation and accurate NH₃ detection. A portable system combining the proposed wireless chemical sensor and a handheld instrument is validated, which aids in rationalizing strategies for individuals toward various scenarios.

Abstract

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