Crystal structure of blue laccase BP76, a unique termite suicidal defense weapon

Structure. 2024 Oct 3;32(10):1581-1585.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.str.2024.07.015. Epub 2024 Aug 15.

Abstract

Aging workers of the termite Neocapritermes taracua can defend their colony by sacrificing themselves by body rupture, mixing the externally stored blue laccase BP76 with hydroquinones to produce a sticky liquid rich in toxic benzoquinones. Here, we describe the crystal structure of BP76 isolated from N. taracua in its native form. The structure reveals several stabilization strategies, including compact folding, glycosylation, and flexible loops with disulfide bridges and tight dimer interface. The remarkable stability of BP76 maintains its catalytic activity in solid state during the lifespan of N. taracua workers, providing old workers with an efficient defensive weapon to protect their colony.

Keywords: Neocapritermes taracua; X-ray crystallography; autothysis; benzoquinone; colony defence; insect glycosylation; laccase; protein stabilization; single-wavelength anomalous diffraction.

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Catalytic Domain
  • Crystallography, X-Ray
  • Glycosylation
  • Insect Proteins / chemistry
  • Insect Proteins / metabolism
  • Isoptera*
  • Laccase* / chemistry
  • Laccase* / metabolism
  • Models, Molecular*
  • Protein Folding
  • Protein Multimerization

Substances

  • Laccase
  • Insect Proteins