Laboratory Evaluation of Coagulopathies

The laboratory evaluation of coagulopathies is critical in numerous medical specialties, offering invaluable insights into the complex molecular and cellular interactions that regulate hemostasis. Coagulopathies encompass a broad spectrum of disorders characterized by abnormalities in blood coagulation, which can result in either excessive bleeding or abnormal clot formation. These conditions present significant clinical challenges, ranging from asymptomatic patients with abnormal coagulation tests to surgical complications, thromboembolic events, or bleeding disorders, necessitating thorough diagnostic assessment and prompt management.

Beyond hematologists, several medical specialties, including cardiologists, surgeons, anesthesiologists, gynecologists, critical care physicians, oncologists, and emergency medicine clinicians, encounter coagulopathy routinely in their clinical practice. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the importance of coagulation knowledge in medical practice. Various routine screenings and specialized laboratory tests are available as diagnostic tools. However, healthcare professionals must carefully choose and interpret these tests to identify underlying coagulation disorders, guide appropriate treatment strategies, and optimize patient outcomes.