The role of race/ethnicity and age in clinical trial knowledge among patients with gynecologic malignancy

Purpose: To identify whether race/ethnicity plays a role in knowledge of clinical trials among patients with a gynecologic malignancy.

Patients and methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at a tertiary medical center. Participants were adults (≥18 years old), with gynecologic malignancy, and literate in English, Spanish or Chinese. Participants completed a 9-item clinical trial knowledge assessment. Demographic characteristics were summarized using descriptive statistics. A multivariable model was employed to evaluate the relationship between race/ethnicity and clinical trial knowledge.

Results: 245 patients were approached, 25 (10.2%) declined. Among participants, 108 (50.2%) were white, and 107 (49.8%) were people of color. Significant differences were noted for age, education, birthplace, and income; no difference was observed for cancer type or stage. The median number of correct answers for the knowledge assessment was seven. 67 (62%) white vs 26 (24.3%) people of color had an above average clinical trial knowledge score (p < 0.001). Multivariable analysis showed white participants were 2.7 times more likely to have an above average clinical trial knowledge score. White participants overall utilized more resources. Elder adults (≥65 years old) had higher knowledge of clinical trials compared to non-elder adults (<65 years old); however, these findings were not significant.

Conclusion: This study observed significant differences in clinical trial knowledge between white and people of color diagnosed with a gynecologic malignancy. White patients utilize more informational resources compared to people of color. Further studies need to develop resources and outreach mechanisms that will increase access and diversity in clinical trial participation.