A comparison of dynamic warm-up and "warm-up" using self-massage tools on subsequent sit-and-reach displacement

PLoS One. 2024 Aug 22;19(8):e0307073. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307073. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Objectives: A dynamic warm-up (DWU) comprising exercise involving rhythmic muscle actions results in an acute increase in range of motion; however, recent findings suggest that a passive one using self-massage techniques might elicit a similar effect. This study's purpose was to compare the acute effect of leg cycling DWU on sit-and-reach score to the effect of a preparatory regimen of foam rolling (FR) or percussive massage (PM).

Design: Single-blind, randomized, repeated-measures crossover study.

Methods: Thirty-two asymptomatic, physically-active participants (male; n = 17) aged 20.9 ± 1.5 years performed sit-and-reach tests before, immediately following and 10-, 20- and 30-minutes following eight minutes of each of the "warm-ups." Analyses of variance at each time point across conditions and for the percent change elicited by each intervention were conducted to determine significant differences (p < 0.05).

Results: Repeated-measures ANOVA revealed a significant difference between mean percent difference of sit-and-reach score for FR (8.8 ± 0.5%) compared to DWU and PM (p = 0.046 and 0.048, respectively) while DWU (6.3 ± 0.8%) and PM (6.8 ± 0.5%) did not differ (p = 0.717). There were no differences between scores across interventions at any of the four time points.

Conclusions: A bout of FR or PM resulted in an acute increase in a sit-and-reach score during a test performed immediately post and at 10-, 20- and 30-minutes post that was similar in magnitude to that which was present following leg cycling. These passive "warm-ups" are appropriate alternate strategies that can be employed to improve performance on a sit-and-reach test.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Cross-Over Studies*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Massage* / methods
  • Range of Motion, Articular / physiology
  • Single-Blind Method
  • Warm-Up Exercise* / physiology
  • Young Adult

Grants and funding

The author(s) received no specific funding for this work.