Synthesis, SAR, and application of JQ1 analogs as PROTACs for cancer therapy

Bioorg Med Chem. 2024 Oct 1:112:117875. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117875. Epub 2024 Aug 16.

Abstract

JQ1 is a wonder therapeutic molecule that selectively inhibits the BRD4 signaling pathway and is thus widely used in the anticancer drug discovery program. Due to its unique selective BRD4 binding property, its applications are further extended in the design and synthesis of bi-functional PROTAC molecules. This BRD4 targeting PROTAC molecule selectively degrades the protein by proteolysis. There are several modifications of JQ1 known to date and extensively explored for their applications in PROTAC technology by several research groups in academia as well as industry for targeting oncogenic genes. In this review, we have covered the discovery and synthesis of the JQ1 molecule. The SAR of the JQ1 analogs will help researchers develop potent JQ1 compounds with improved inhibitory properties against malignant cells. Furthermore, we explored the potential application of JQ1 analogs in PROTAC technology. The brief history of the bromodomain family of proteins, as well as the obstacles connected with PROTAC technology, can help comprehend the context of the current research, which has the potential to improve the drug development process. Overall, this review comprehensively appraises JQ1 molecules and their prior implementation in PROTAC technology and cancer therapy.

Keywords: (+)-JQ1; BET; Bromodomain; Cancer treatment; Drug discovery; PROTAC.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents* / chemical synthesis
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / pharmacology
  • Azepines* / chemical synthesis
  • Azepines* / chemistry
  • Azepines* / pharmacology
  • Bromodomain Containing Proteins
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / metabolism
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Molecular Structure
  • Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Proteolysis / drug effects
  • Proteolysis Targeting Chimera
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Transcription Factors / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Transcription Factors / metabolism
  • Triazoles* / chemical synthesis
  • Triazoles* / chemistry
  • Triazoles* / pharmacology

Substances

  • Azepines
  • Triazoles
  • (+)-JQ1 compound
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • BRD4 protein, human
  • Cell Cycle Proteins
  • Transcription Factors
  • Proteolysis Targeting Chimera
  • Bromodomain Containing Proteins