Sea surface carbon dioxide during early summer at the Tuandao nearshore time series site

Lu Cao; Yongqi Qiu; Liang Xue; Yingying Zhang; Shuwei Zhang; Ning Wu; Da Yuan; Quanlong Li; Zheng Zhao; Ning Wang; Yan Zhou; Wei Yang; Chunqian Li; Yan Liu

doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106699

Sea surface carbon dioxide during early summer at the Tuandao nearshore time series site

Mar Environ Res. 2024 Oct:201:106699. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106699. Epub 2024 Aug 18.

Authors

Lu Cao¹, Yongqi Qiu², Liang Xue³, Yingying Zhang², Shuwei Zhang¹, Ning Wu¹, Da Yuan², Quanlong Li⁴, Zheng Zhao⁵, Ning Wang⁵, Yan Zhou², Wei Yang⁶, Chunqian Li⁷, Yan Liu⁸

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocean Environmental Monitoring Technology, Qingdao, 266100, China; Ocean Observation and Exloration Research Department, Laoshan National Laboratory, Qingdao, 266200, China.
² Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocean Environmental Monitoring Technology, Qingdao, 266100, China.
³ First Institute of Oceanography, And Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁴ State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
⁵ North China Sea Marine Forecasting Center of State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, 266061, China.
⁶ Polar and Marine Research Institute, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
⁷ Ocean Observation and Exloration Research Department, Laoshan National Laboratory, Qingdao, 266200, China.
⁸ Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocean Environmental Monitoring Technology, Qingdao, 266100, China; Ocean Observation and Exloration Research Department, Laoshan National Laboratory, Qingdao, 266200, China. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 39178709
DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106699

Abstract

To investigate air-sea CO₂ flux at the Qingdao nearshore site and its temporal variations, a high-resolution continuous observation of surface carbon dioxide partial pressure (pCO₂) was carried out at Zhongyuan Pier near Tuandao from May 25 to July 8, 2019. It was observed that during this period, surface pCO₂ varied between ∼490 and ∼690 μatm, mainly associated with sea surface temperature. Surface pCO₂ also displayed substantial diurnal variations, with an average amplitude of 64 ± 21 μatm, largely dominated by biological activities. During the observational period, this site acted as a source of atmospheric CO₂, releasing 361 mmol CO₂ m^-2. The notable diurnal variations in air-sea CO₂ flux, such as the observed average amplitude of 10.9 mmol m^-2 d^-1 in this study, pose a challenge for accurately estimating the air-sea CO₂ flux in coastal regions without high-resolution observations.

Keywords: Air-sea CO(2) flux; Carbon dioxide partial pressure; Coastal waters; Diurnal variation.

MeSH terms

Atmosphere / chemistry
Carbon Dioxide* / analysis
China
Environmental Monitoring*
Oceans and Seas
Seasons*
Seawater* / chemistry
Temperature

Substances

Carbon Dioxide