Is Family History for the Management of Cardiovascular Health in Youth Still Relevant in Clinical Practice?

Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2024 Nov;26(11):629-637. doi: 10.1007/s11883-024-01232-4. Epub 2024 Aug 27.

Abstract

Purpose of review: Family history of premature cardiovascular disease is a strong predictor of individual cardiovascular risk. However, family history is not always available and not always reliable. Roughly 80% of health outcomes are influenced not by genetic risk but by societal factors, including adverse health behaviors and environment. Furthermore, in the present age of genetic testing, laboratory evaluations, and imaging, a key question remains: What is the contemporary relevance of family history screening in the management of cardiovascular disease in youth?

Recent findings: Knowledge of an individual's family history can help clinicians identify not only inherited risk but also familial clustering of unhealthy behaviors and environmental adversity contributing to enhanced cardiovascular disease risk in youth. For those at greatest risk, prevention strategies can be applied sooner and more conservatively. Integrating family history into clinical practice is crucial for cardiovascular risk assessment and for optimizing outcomes, but, in some cases, is more reflective of social factors.

Keywords: Cardiovascular; Family history; Hyperlipidemia; Hypertension; Social determinants of health.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Cardiovascular Diseases* / genetics
  • Cardiovascular Diseases* / prevention & control
  • Cardiovascular Diseases* / therapy
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • Genetic Testing
  • Heart Disease Risk Factors
  • Humans
  • Medical History Taking*
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors