Prognostic value of post-operative iron biomarkers in colorectal cancer: population-based patient cohort

Br J Cancer. 2024 Oct;131(7):1195-1201. doi: 10.1038/s41416-024-02814-4. Epub 2024 Aug 27.

Abstract

Background: Post-operative anaemia is linked to iron deficiency. We investigated the prognostic value of post-operative iron biomarkers in colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: Ferritin, transferrin, iron, and transferrin saturation (TS%) were measured from blood collected at a single time-point post-surgery in 2769 CRC patients. Associations between iron biomarkers with cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed using Cox regression with hazard ratios (HR), stratified by post-operative time of blood collection (<1-month/≥1-month).

Results: After a median follow-up of 9.5 years, 52.6% of patients had died. For iron biomarkers assessed <1-month post-surgery, higher compared to normal TS% was associated with shorter CSS (HR [95% CI] = 2.36 [1.25-4.46]), and higher iron levels with better OS (upper vs. median tertile: HR [95% CI] = 0.79 [0.65-0.97]). When assessed ≥1-month post-surgery, elevated ferritin was associated with poor CSS (high vs. normal: HR [95% CI] = 1.44 [1.10-1.87]), and low TS% with worse CSS (low vs. normal: HR [95% CI] = 1.60 [1.24-2.06]). Similar but weaker associations were observed for OS.

Conclusion: Monitoring of serum ferritin and TS% beyond 1-month post-surgery may be relevant for risk stratification of patients with operable CRC. Future studies should validate our findings.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / blood
  • Cohort Studies
  • Colorectal Neoplasms* / blood
  • Colorectal Neoplasms* / mortality
  • Colorectal Neoplasms* / surgery
  • Female
  • Ferritins* / blood
  • Humans
  • Iron* / blood
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Postoperative Period
  • Prognosis
  • Transferrin* / analysis
  • Transferrin* / metabolism

Substances

  • Iron
  • Ferritins
  • Transferrin
  • Biomarkers, Tumor