Abstract
The neonate appears to be in a transitional stage of glucose homeostasis. Maturation of neonatal glucose homeostasis requires coordination of opposing hormonal, neural, and enzymatic controls. The vulnerability of the neonate to carbohydrate disequilibrium has been described by tracing the maturation of carbohydrate homeostasis physiologically. The many examples of neonatal hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia have been enumerated. Much information in recent years has increased our understanding of the mechanism of these conditions in the newborn. Continued research of the biochemical and physiologic bases for alterations of carbohydrate metabolism should further enhance our ability to diagnose and treat the neonate effectively.
Publication types
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
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Review
MeSH terms
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Adult
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Bacterial Infections / metabolism
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Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome / complications
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Cold Temperature / adverse effects
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Congenital Abnormalities / etiology
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Female
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Gluconeogenesis
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Glucose / metabolism*
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Glucose / physiology
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Heart Defects, Congenital / complications
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Heart Failure / complications
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Homeostasis
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Humans
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Hyperglycemia / physiopathology
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Hyperglycemia / therapy
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Hyperinsulinism / complications
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Hyperinsulinism / etiology
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Hypoglycemia / etiology
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Hypoglycemia / physiopathology
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Hypoglycemia / therapy
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Hypoxia / complications
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Infant, Low Birth Weight
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Infant, Newborn
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Infant, Small for Gestational Age
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Pregnancy
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Pregnancy in Diabetics / physiopathology
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Prognosis
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Rh-Hr Blood-Group System
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Transfusion Reaction
Substances
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Rh-Hr Blood-Group System
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Glucose