B cell and aquaporin-4 antibody relationships with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder activity

Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2024 Oct;11(10):2792-2798. doi: 10.1002/acn3.52171. Epub 2024 Sep 2.

Abstract

This post hoc analysis of the randomized, placebo-controlled N-MOmentum study (NCT02200770) of inebilizumab in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) evaluated relationships between circulating B-cell subsets and aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-lgG) titers and attacks. Among participants receiving placebo, CD20+ and CD27+ B-cell counts were modestly increased from the pre-attack visit to attack; plasmablast/plasma cell gene signature was increased from baseline to the pre-attack visit (p = 0.016) and from baseline to attack (p = 0.009). With inebilizumab treatment, B-cell subset counts decreased and did not increase with attacks. No difference in change of AQP4-IgG titers from baseline to time of attack was observed.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / pharmacology
  • Aquaporin 4* / immunology
  • Autoantibodies* / blood
  • Autoantibodies* / immunology
  • B-Lymphocyte Subsets / immunology
  • B-Lymphocytes* / drug effects
  • B-Lymphocytes* / immunology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin G / blood
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neuromyelitis Optica* / blood
  • Neuromyelitis Optica* / drug therapy
  • Neuromyelitis Optica* / immunology

Substances

  • Aquaporin 4
  • AQP4 protein, human
  • inebilizumab
  • Autoantibodies
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • Immunoglobulin G