Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease with the main manifestations of progressive cognitive dysfunction,behavioral disorders,and gradual decline of living ability.The etiology of AD is complex,and the pathogenesis of this disease remains controversial.Calcium signaling plays an important role in regulating neuronal activities,including neurotransmitter release,synaptic plasticity,memory storage,and neuronal apoptosis.Increasing studies have shown that neuronal calcium dyshomeostasis is a major pathological factor in the occurrence and development of AD.This article reviews the role and research progress in intracellular calcium dyshomeostasis in AD,including the relationship between calcium homeostasis and amyloid β,the role of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases in tau phosphorylation,calcium signaling pathways,the relationship between calcium homeostasis and mitochondrial function,autophagy,and neuroinflammation.
阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种常见的神经退行性疾病,患者主要表现为进行性认知功能障碍、行为障碍及生活能力的逐渐下降。AD病因复杂,且发生机制存在争议。钙信号变化可有效调控神经元生理活动,如神经递质释放、突触可塑性和记忆储存以及神经元凋亡等。目前研究表明,神经元钙稳态失衡是在AD发生发展过程中的重要病理因素之一。本文从钙稳态与β-淀粉样蛋白的关系、钙离子/钙调蛋白依赖的蛋白激酶在tau蛋白磷酸化中的作用、AD中的钙信号通路、钙稳态与线粒体功能、自噬、神经炎症等几个方面综述了细胞内钙稳态失衡在AD中的作用和研究新进展。.
Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; Ca2+; amyloid β; signaling pathway; tau.