AnophelesModel: An R package to interface mosquito bionomics, human exposure and intervention effects with models of malaria intervention impact

PLoS Comput Biol. 2024 Sep 13;20(9):e1011609. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011609. eCollection 2024 Sep.

Abstract

In recent decades, field and semi-field studies of malaria transmission have gathered geographic-specific information about mosquito ecology, behaviour and their sensitivity to interventions. Mathematical models of malaria transmission can incorporate such data to infer the likely impact of vector control interventions and hence guide malaria control strategies in various geographies. To facilitate this process and make model predictions of intervention impact available for different geographical regions, we developed AnophelesModel. AnophelesModel is an online, open-access R package that quantifies the impact of vector control interventions depending on mosquito species and location-specific characteristics. In addition, it includes a previously published, comprehensive, curated database of field entomological data from over 50 Anopheles species, field data on mosquito and human behaviour, and estimates of vector control effectiveness. Using the input data, the package parameterizes a discrete-time, state transition model of the mosquito oviposition cycle and infers species-specific impacts of various interventions on vectorial capacity. In addition, it offers formatted outputs ready to use in downstream analyses and by other models of malaria transmission for accurate representation of the vector-specific components. Using AnophelesModel, we show how the key implications for intervention impact change for various vectors and locations. The package facilitates quantitative comparisons of likely intervention impacts in different geographical settings varying in vector compositions, and can thus guide towards more robust and efficient malaria control recommendations. The AnophelesModel R package is available under a GPL-3.0 license at https://github.com/SwissTPH/AnophelesModel.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anopheles* / physiology
  • Computational Biology
  • Humans
  • Malaria* / prevention & control
  • Malaria* / transmission
  • Models, Biological
  • Mosquito Control* / methods
  • Mosquito Vectors* / physiology
  • Software*

Grants and funding

This work was supported in part by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, United States (https://www.gatesfoundation.org/) with grant OPP1032350 awarded to TS, and grants INV-030449 and INV-068864 awarded to EP. NC also acknowledges funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation for this work, with grants OPP#1032350 and INV-025569. The funders did not play any role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.