Anti-coccidial efficacy of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide in indigenous chickens of Northwest Ethiopia

Vet Med Sci. 2024 Sep;10(5):e1524. doi: 10.1002/vms3.70037.

Abstract

Background: A variety of bioactive compounds isolated from various botanical sources have been found to have therapeutic and immunotherapeutic effects on chicken coccidiosis.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the anti-coccidial potential of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide (EP) in indigenous chickens in Northwest Ethiopia.

Materials and methods: A total of 78 male indigenous chickens were used for this study. The study had two treatment groups: (1) the EP non-supplemented group (those fed on diets without EP and Eimeria oocyst inoculated) and (2) the EP group (those receiving diets supplemented with 400 mg EP/kg diet and Eimeria oocyst inoculated). Each treatment group had five replications. Following fourteen days of EP supplementation, 1.5 × 104 oocysts of mixed Eimeria species were inoculated into individual birds.

Results: EP-supplemented chicken showed significantly lower (p < 0.05) oocyst counts compared to non-supplemented ones on 9 and 11 days post-challenge. In addition, chickens in the EP-supplemented group showed less severe lesion scores, with an average score of 1.33. Chickens that received EP showed a maximum of 27.27% protection against lesions. In contrast, the non-supplemented chickens had a lower percentage of protection (19.83%). The maximum anti-coccidial index value (146.98) was obtained from EP-supplemented chickens. Chickens in the EP-supplemented group exhibited a significantly higher (p < 0.05) weight gain.

Conclusion: Overall, the inclusion of EP in chickens' diets shows promise as a potential anti-coccidial strategy. However, additional research is required to explore the mechanisms by which EP in chickens' diet could involve in increasing the protection ability of chickens against coccidiosis.

Keywords: anti‐coccidial; chicken; coccidiosis; efficacy; enteromorpha polysaccharide.

MeSH terms

  • Animal Feed* / analysis
  • Animals
  • Chickens*
  • Coccidiosis* / drug therapy
  • Coccidiosis* / parasitology
  • Coccidiosis* / prevention & control
  • Coccidiosis* / veterinary
  • Coccidiostats / pharmacology
  • Diet* / veterinary
  • Dietary Supplements* / analysis
  • Edible Seaweeds
  • Eimeria* / drug effects
  • Eimeria* / physiology
  • Ethiopia
  • Male
  • Polysaccharides* / pharmacology
  • Poultry Diseases* / drug therapy
  • Poultry Diseases* / parasitology
  • Poultry Diseases* / prevention & control
  • Ulva / chemistry

Substances

  • Polysaccharides
  • Coccidiostats

Supplementary concepts

  • Ulva prolifera