The article provides a comprehensive overview of the current and future advances of Photonic crystal fiber (PCF) based biosensors, the research explores the impact of structural parameter variations on phase matching conditions, by investigating pitch, air hole diameter, and gold layer thickness. Currently, these surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors demonstrate the ability to detect a range of biological substances such as glucose, pH, serum proteins, and similar chemicals. They have the capacity to directly identify bio-components in urine, blood, and saliva, as well as pathogens, bacteria, and contaminants in food, water, and air. The study investigates by presenting the fundamental principles of PCF biosensors, highlighting their comparative benefits over conventional biosensors. Recent studies utilizing PCF biosensors for various application are reviewed, the findings of the review suggest that the integration of SPR enhances the sensing capabilities of these biosensors, making them promising tools for diverse applications in the field of biosensing.